The 1999 twister that struck Moore, Oklahoma, part of a 74-tornado outbreak pulverized entire
neighborhoods with winds reaching 318 miles per hour, the strongest
ever recorded on Earth. In 2013, a 2-Mile-Wide tornado tore down almost the exact path as its 1999 predecessor, and resulted in catastrophic damage to the town.
Meteorologists say it's extremely rare for any town to get hit twice
by killer tornadoes. Why does Moore have such terrible luck? A brief
guide:
Why is this part of Oklahoma so vulnerable to killer tornadoes?
The
short explanation is that Moore sits at the heart of Tornado Alley.
Tornado Alley extends from the Rocky Mountains in the West to the
Appalachians in the East. Seventy-five percent of the world's tornadoes
hit in the U.S. That's more than 1,000 per year. (Canada, at No. 2, has
just 100 per year.) And nowhere are they more common than in the swath
of the nation's midsection centered around Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, and
the states to the north.
What makes tornadoes so common there?
The Rockies
block moist air from flowing eastward. This clears the way for frigid
Arctic air to stream south from Canada over the Great Plains. These cold
blasts then run into warm, humid air coming up from the Gulf of Mexico.
When these cold and warm air masses collide,
they cause powerful rotating updrafts and downdrafts that can create
dangerous thunderstorms known as "supercells," which in turn spawn
powerful tornadoes.
http://theweek.com/articles/464148/why-tornado-alley-prone-disaster
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